A. Pond conditions

There are water inlet and drainage channels, which are convenient for water inlet and drainage, complete power equipment, convenient transportation and sufficient sunshine; The sludge thickness at the bottom of the pond is less than 15cm, and hard slope protection is adopted. The water storage depth can reach 2.0m-3.0m, and the pond area is 10mu-200mu.

Oxygen increasing facilities: according to the number of mu, three blade roots fans with appropriate air pressure and flow shall be configured. The oxygen increasing range is from the water bottom to the surface. At the same time, microporous oxygen increasing aeration pipes shall be equipped to push water on the water surface, and the aeration tray shall be placed at the bottom of the tank for oxygen increasing.

Feeding facilities: a 1.5KW positive pressure air feeding machine is equipped for ponds below 30 mu; For ponds of more than 30 mu, one 1.5KW positive pressure air feeding machine is equipped for every 30 mu.

B. Preparation before seedling stocking

(1) Pond disinfection

Trim the pond ridge, and use quicklime 60kg / mu-75kg / mu to dry the pond or disinfect with water (water injection of 10cm-20cm) 7-10d before the release of the fish species, and make the whole pond. After the toxicity of quicklime disappears, water source shall be added and gradually deepened to 0.8m-1m.

(2) fish species selection and stocking

Grass carp, crucian carp, silver carp and silver carp shall have clear source, no disease or injury, neat specification, complete scales, smooth body surface and no long-distance transportation; The seedlings shall be put into production before the end of February.

(3) Fish body disinfection

The above fish species should be strictly disinfected before entering the pond. One of the following methods can be selected for disinfection:

Table salt 30 kg-50 kg / m3, soaking for 5min-10min; Potassium permanganate 10g-20g / m3, soaking for 15min-20min; Povidone iodine 30g / m3, soaking for 15min-20min. The soaking time of fish fry shall be flexibly controlled according to the variety, size, water temperature, weather, fish fry reaction and other conditions. The operation of fish fry release shall be light and quick.

C. Management during breeding

(1) water quality management

The water level of the pond is from 0.8m-1.0m when the fish species are put into the pond at the end of February. With the gradual increase of the water temperature of the pond, the water level of the pond is deepened. From March to April, the number of times and volume of new water are less, and the water is injected once every 15-20 days, 15cm-20cm each time; The water depth shall be kept at 1.8m-2.0m before the middle of may (full solar term); From May to October, according to the quality of the source water, the water injection frequency and water injection volume shall be gradually increased as appropriate. Fresh water can be injected once every 10 days, 20-30 cm each time. The water injection is generally carried out in the morning or at night.

From the end of April to the end of October, from 12:00 to 14:00 every day, start the aerator according to the weather conditions. From March to September and October to November, microecological agents such as quicklime, potassium persulfate and EM bacteria were applied to optimize the water quality. According to the water temperature and weather changes, water transparency, pH value and ammonia nitrogen physical and chemical indicators, the transparency of the pool water during the fish growth period was guaranteed to be 15cm-25cm, and the water quality was "fat, live, tender and refreshing".

(2) feeding management

The mixed feed of grass carp and allogynous silver crucian carp shall be used for feeding, and the hard particles and expanded materials shall be fed in the ratio of 1:0.7. The safety limit of the mixed feed shall comply with the provisions of ny5072-2002. From the beginning of March to the end of June, feed expanded materials with protein content of 30% and particle size of 2.0 mm; From early July to mid September in the middle period, feed hard granular materials with protein content of 28% and particle size of 2.0 mm; From the end of September to the middle of November, all puffed materials with a particle size of 2.5 mm and a protein content of 30% were fed.

Domestication and feeding: when the water temperature is 16-18 ℃, domestication and feeding shall be conducted in different regions. The crucian carp is small, so it first grabs food, and then the large-scale grass carp slowly gather around. The crucian carp is small, and is squeezed to the outer edge of the wind fed feeding machine to feed in groups. After domestication and feeding for about 7-10 days, the mixed grass carp and crucian carp can gradually form the habit of feeding in different areas.

Feeding times and feeding amount: the feeding condition of grass carp and crucian carp is closely related to the water temperature, weather and the growth of the fish body. The feeding ability of grass carp and crucian carp is weak due to low water temperature and abnormal weather; The water temperature is high and the weather is good. Grass carp and crucian carp have strong feeding capacity. From the end of April to the middle of October, the water temperature is high and the climate is suitable. Grass carp and crucian carp grow vigorously. Adhere to the "four fixed" principle of feeding, feeding at fixed points and at fixed times to ensure that grass carp and crucian carp do not fall behind; Quantitative and qualitative guarantee that grass carp and crucian carp are fully digested and feed is not wasted. From March to April, they were fed three times a day, at 9:00, 12:00 and 16:00 respectively; From May to October, they were fed four times a day at 8:00, 11:00, 14:00 and 17:00; It is appropriate to feed 80% fish every time.

When the water temperature is 16-18 ℃, the expanded material is fed 1-2 times a day, and the daily feeding amount accounts for 1% - 1.5% of the total body weight of grass carp and crucian carp; From mid May to mid October, the daily feeding amount of grass carp and crucian carp gradually increased to 6% - 8% of the total body weight of grass carp and crucian carp. Among them, from the first ten days of August to the middle of September, the daily feeding amount will increase to 10% of the total body weight according to the weather and fish feeding conditions. In case of hot weather, thunderstorm and strong wind, the feeding will be stopped; When the weather improves and the water quality is stable, feeding will be gradually resumed.

Feeding method: follow the principles of "slow, fast and slow" and "less, more and less". At the initial stage of breeding, the water temperature is low, the feeding speed of grass carp and crucian carp is slow, and the feeding amount is small; With the gradual rise of water temperature in the middle period of cultivation, grass carp and crucian carp have formed the habit of feeding in groups. The feeding speed is faster and the feeding amount is larger; In the later stage of breeding, with the decrease of water temperature, the water body gradually deteriorated and the feeding amount gradually decreased.

D. Daily management

Pond inspection: insist on three times of pond inspection in the morning, middle and evening, pay attention to the water quality, fish activities, feeding and growth, and find and solve problems in time.

Fish body inspection: regular sampling, inspection of fish growth, and timely adjustment of feeding amount; In the middle and late stages of aquaculture, regular anatomical examination shall be carried out to find out the pathological changes of fish viscera, especially the liver, and targeted measures shall be taken.

Oxygenation: timely oxygenate according to the weather, water quality and fish activity. On sunny days in high-temperature season, start the oxygenator for 2h-3h at noon. If necessary, start it at night.Roots blower and aeration disks are used to boost the oxygen circulation of the whole pond by adding oxygen at the bottom of the pond

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